19.2 受け身·使役受け身: Vさ(せら)れます [be made to do V (Causative Passive)]
運転の練習のとき、わたしは何度も同じ練習をさせられました。
- When practicing driving, I was made to do the same practice many times.
- 在練習駕駛時,我被迫多次進行同樣的練習。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 運転の | unten-no | modifiers | of driving |
| 練習の | renshu—no | modifiers | of practice |
| とき | toki | particles | when |
| わたしは | watashi-wa | subject | I (topic marker) |
| 何度も | nan-do-mo | modifiers | many times |
| 同じ | onaji | modifiers | same |
| 練習を | renshu—wo | subject | practice (object marker) |
| させられました。 | sa-se-rare-mashi-ta-。 | verb conjugations | was made to do |
勉強しないで夜中までゲームをやっていた。
- I played games until midnight without studying.
- 不用學習就玩遊戲玩到半夜。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 勉強しないで | benkyo—shi-nai-de | modifiers | without studying |
| 夜中まで | yonaka—made | modifiers | until midnight |
| ゲームを | ge-mu-wo | subject | game (object marker) |
| やっていた。 | ya-t-te-i-ta-。 | predicate | was playing. |
でも、とうとう親にやめさせられてしまった。
- However, I was finally forced to quit by my parents.
- 但是,最終還是被父母逼得不得不停下來了。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| でも | demo | particles | but |
| とうとう | to-to | modifiers | finally |
| 親に | oya-ni | modifiers | by parents |
| やめさせられて | yame-sase-rare-te | verb conjugations | forced to quit |
| しまった | shima-t-ta | verb conjugations | (indicating regret) |
わたしが子どものころは、きらいなものでも食べさせられましたが、
- When I was a child, I was made to eat even the things I didn’t like.
- 我小時候,就算是討厭的東西也被強迫吃。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| わたしが | watashi-ga | subject | I (subject marker) |
| 子どものころは | kodomo-no-koro-wa | modifiers | when I was a child |
| きらいなものでも | kirai-na-mono-de-mo | modifiers | even things I didn’t like |
| 食べさせられましたが | tabe-sase-rare-mashi-ta-ga | predicate | was made to eat |
今の子どもはどうでしょうか。
- How are children nowadays?
- 現在的孩子怎麼樣呢?
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 今の | ima-no | modifiers | current |
| 子どもは | kodomo-wa | subject | children (topic marker) |
| どう | do | - | how |
| でしょうか。 | desho-u-ka-。 | verb conjugations | is it? |
兄は気が強くてわがままだった。
- My older brother was strong-willed and selfish.
- 哥哥性格強勢且有些任性。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 兄は | ani-wa | subject | older brother (topic marker) |
| 気が強くて | ki-ga-tsuyoku-te | modifiers | strong-willed and |
| わがままだった。 | wagamama-da-t-ta-。 | predicate | was selfish. |
わたしはよく泣かされた。
- I have often been made to cry.
- 我經常被弄哭。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| わたしは | watashi-wa | subject | I (topic marker) |
| よく | yoku | modifiers | often |
| 泣かされた | nakasa-re-ta | verb conjugations | was made to cry |
この子には心配させられることが多い。
- This child often causes me worry.
- 這個孩子讓人擔心的事情很多。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| この子には | kono-ko-ni-wa | modifiers | to this child |
| 心配させられることが | shinpai-sa-se-rareru-koto-ga | subject | things that make worried |
| 多い。 | o-i-。 | predicate | many. |
あぶないあそびが好きな子なのだ。
- It’s a child who likes dangerous games.
- 喜歡危險遊戲的孩子是這樣的。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| あぶない | abunai | modifiers | dangerous |
| あそびが | asobi-ga | subject | play (subject marker) |
| 好きな | suki-na | modifiers | like |
| 子なのだ。 | ko-na-no-da-。 | predicate | child (explanatory emphasis) |
きのう田口くんと3時に約束したのですが、駅で30分も待たされました。
- Yesterday, I made a promise with Taguchi-kun to meet at 3 o’clock, but I was made to wait at the station for 30 minutes.
- 昨天我和田口君約好了三點在車站見面,但是在車站等了30分鐘。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| きのう | kino | modifiers | yesterday |
| 田口くんと | taguchi-kun-to | modifiers | with Taguchi-kun |
| 3時に | san-ji ni | modifiers | at 3 o’clock |
| 約束したのですが | yakusoku-shi-ta-no-desu-ga | predicate | made a promise but |
| 駅で | eki-de | modifiers | at the station |
| 30分も | san-juu pun mo | modifiers | for 30 minutes |
| 待たされました | matasa-re-mashi-ta | predicate | was made to wait |
社長はわたしに仕事をさせました。
- The president made me work.
- 社長讓我工作。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 社長は | shacho—wa | subject | The president (topic marker) |
| わたしに | watashi-ni | modifiers | to me |
| 仕事を | shigoto-wo | subject | work (object marker) |
| させました。 | sa-se-mashi-ta-。 | verb conjugations | made me do |
わたしは社長に仕事をさせられました。
- I was made to work by the president.
- 我被老闆安排了工作。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| わたしは | watashi-wa | subject | I (topic marker) |
| 社長に | shacho—ni | modifiers | to the president |
| 仕事を | shigoto-wo | subject | work (object marker) |
| させられました | sa-se-rare-mashi-ta | verb conjugation | was made to do |
弟はわたしを心配させました。
- My younger brother made me worry.
- 弟弟讓我擔心了。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 弟は | oto-to-wa | subject | younger brother (topic marker) |
| わたしを | watashi-wo | modifiers | me (object marker) |
| 心配させました。 | shinpai-sa-se-mashi-ta-。 | predicate | made worried. |
わたしは弟に心配させられました。
- I was worried about my younger brother.
- 我被弟弟搞得很擔心。
| Part | Romaji | Role | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| わたしは | watashi-wa | subject | I (topic marker) |
| 弟に | oto-to-ni | modifiers | to my younger brother |
| 心配させられました | shinpai-sa-se-rare-mashi-ta | verb conjugations | was made worried |
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