6.I.1 可能.難易: Vることができます・Nができます [can do V/ N can be done]

うちの子は1歳になりました。もう歩くことができます。

My child has turned 1 year old. They can already walk.

我的孩子已經一歲了。他已經可以走路了。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
うちの子	uchi-no-ko	subject	my child
は	wa	particles	topic marker
1歳になりました	issai ni narimashita	predicate	has turned one year old
もう	mo	modifiers	already
歩くことができます	aruku-koto-ga-deki-masu	predicate	can walk

Half a year ago, I couldn’t speak any Japanese at all, but

半年前我完全不會說日語，

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
半年前	hantoshi-mae	modifiers	six months ago
は	wa	particles	topic marker
日本語	nihongo	subject	Japanese language
が	ga	particles	subject marker
ぜんぜん	zenzen	modifiers	not at all
できませんでした	deki-mase-n-deshi-ta	predicate	could not do

I can speak a little Japanese now.

現在我可以說一點日語。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
今	ima	modifiers	now
は	wa	particles	topic marker
少し	sukoshi	modifiers	a little
日本語	nihongo	subject	Japanese
を	o	particles	object marker
話す	hanasu	verb conjugations	to speak
こと	koto	modifiers	thing
が	ga	particles	subject marker
できま	deki-ma	predicate	can

Robots can work in dangerous places.

機器人可以在危險的地方工作。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
ロボット	robotto	subject	robot
は	wa	particles	topic marker
危険なところでも	kiken-na-tokoro-de-mo	modifiers	even in dangerous places
仕事ができます	shigoto-ga-deki-masu	predicate	can work

The construction is finished. You can now pass through this road starting from today.

工程已經完成了。從今天開始可以通過這條道路了。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
工事	ko-ji	subject	construction
が	ga	particles	subject marker
終わりました	owari-mashi-ta	predicate	has finished
今日から	kyo—kara	modifiers	from today
この道を	kono-michi-wo	modifiers	this road
通ることができます	to-ru-koto-ga-deki-masu	predicate	can pass

I am currently unable to answer the phone.

對不起，我暫時無法接聽電話。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
ただいま	tadaima	modifiers	now
電話に	denwa-ni	modifiers	on the phone
出ることができません	deru-koto-ga-deki-mase-n	predicate	cannot answer

Please send a message if you need assistance.

有需要的話請留言。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
ご用の方は	goyou no kata wa	modifiers	those with business (topic marker)
メッセージを	messeji o	modifiers	message (direct object marker)
おねがいします	onegaishimasu	predicate	please (polite request)

I was too busy this month, so I couldn’t play golf.

這個月太忙了，沒時間打高爾夫球。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
今月	kongetsu	modifiers	this month
は	wa	particles	topic marker
いそがしくて	isogashiku-te	modifiers	busy and
ゴルフ	gorufu	subject	golf
が	ga	particles	subject marker
できませんでした	deki-mase-n-deshi-ta	predicate	could not do

I think I can do it next month.

我認為下個月能做到。

Part	Romaji	Role	Meaning
来月	raigetsu	subject	next month
は	wa	particles	topic marker
できると思います	dekiru-to-omoi-masu	predicate	I think it is possible